AVRO LANCASTER  The Lancaster had a crew of seven or eight, with a maximum speed of 287 mph (Mks I,lll, and X). Maximum range of 2,500 miles and a ceiling of 22,000 feet. ARMAMENT. two .303 browning machine guns in  nose turret, dorsal turret,  and four tail turret. or two .50mm in tail turret. payload of 18,000 lb of bombs, one 12,000 lb or 22,000 lb bomb if modified.  DIMENSIONS. span 102 ft. length 69ft 4inches. and height 20ft. 6inches. The Avro Lancaster arose from the avro Manchester and the first prototype Lancaster was a converted Manchester with four engines, The Lancaster was first flown in January 1941,  and started operations in march 1942,  By March 1945 The Royal Air Force had 56 Squadrons of Lancasters  with the first squadron equipped being the no. 44 squadron Lancaster BIIIs of 61 Sqn RAF by Keith Woodcock  No Turning Back by Robert Taylor  A Lancaster comes under attack from an Fw190 during a raid over Europe. signed by Wilf Burnett, Ivor Broom, Bill Reid and Tony Iveson.    On the night of November the 3rd 1943, Flight Lieutenant Bill Reid took his N0.61 Squadron Lancaster off to join a force detailed to attack Dusseldorf, deep in the heart of Germany.  Right after crossing the coast of Holland they were attacked by an Me110 night fighter, its gunfire shattering the Lancaster's windscreen and damaging the elevator, making the aircraft difficult to handle.  Though wounded in the head, shoulders and hands, after ascertaining his crew were unscathed, mentioning nothing of his injuries, Bill Reid continued towards the target, still over an hour ahead of him.  Closer to the target his Lancaster was again attacked, this time by a Focke Wulf 190 which raked the bomber from stem to stern.  His navigator was killed, hi wireless operator fatally injured, and Bill was again wounded in the attack.  Though communications within the aircraft were severed, heating had failed, and only the rear turret remained operative, Bill Reid flew his bucking Lancaster steadily towards Dusseldorf.  Having memorised his course he brought the bomber right over the target with such accuracy the bomber knew nothing of his captain's injuries or casualties to his comrades.  Photographs confirmed the bombs were released right on target.  Growing weak from loss of blood and lapsing into periods of unconsciousness, with the aid of the flight engineer and bomb-aimer, Bill steered the Lancaster towards home navigating by the pole star and moon.  Despite the intense cold, they survived a barrage of AA gunfire as they passed over the Dutch coast.  As they approached England the captain was revived, took control, and landed safely even though the runway lights were partially obscured by mist, one leg of the damaged undercarriage collapsing as the weight came on.  For his tenacity and devotion to duty Bill Reid was decorated with Britain's highest award for gallantry, the Victoria Cross.

Flight Lieutenant Bill Reid VC    Volunteering for RAF aircrew in 1940, Bill Reid learned to fly in California, training on the Stearman, Vultee and Harvard. After gaining his pilots wings back in England he flew Wellingtons before moving on to Lancasters in 1943. On the night of 3rd November 1943, his Lancaster suffered two severe attacks from Luftwaffe night fighters, badly wounding Reid, killing his navigator and radio operator, and severely damaging the aircraft. Bill flew on 200 miles to accurately bomb the target and get his aircraft home. For this act of outstanding courage and determination he was awarded the Victoria Cross. After recovering from his injuries he flew Lancasters with the famous 617 Sqn, taking part in D-Day operations. His flying career ended when his Lancaster was hit by a stick of bombs from another aircraft; only he and his radio operator survived. After parachuting he was taken prisoner by the Germans.

Air Commodore Wilf Burnett DSO, OBE, DFC, AFC   Canadian Wilf Burnett joined the RAF before the war and at the outbreak of hostilities was flying Hampdens. He completed his first tour of 30 operations in September 1940, flying with 49 squadron at Scampton. His crew had bombed invasion barges in the Channel ports, mined enemy waters, operated against the Ruhr, and taken part in the first raids against Berlin. In July 1941 he was posted to 408 (Goose) Sqn. RCAF, at Syerston, where one night in January 1942, returning from Hamburg, their Hampden crashed in extremem weather. Wilf was the sole survivor, and he was hospitalised. Recovering he was accepted to command 138 (Special Duties) Sqn. at Tempsford who were engaged in dropping agents and supplies to the Resistance in occupied countries flying Halifaxs, later Stirlings.

Air Marshal Sir Ivor Broom KCB, CBE, DSO, DFC, AFC  Ivor Broom flew Bristol Blenheims with 114 Sqn. before being posted to the beleaguered island of Malta, still flying Blenheims, which were by now obsolete, in highly dangerous, low-level shipping strikes where squadron losses were high. In 1943 he became one of the very first Pathfinder Mosquito instructors before moving into the Late Night Striking Force with 571 sqn. He later was tasked with forming 163 sqn. Ivor Broom completed 103 bombing strike missions, including 22 separate attacks on Berlin. He also flew in the Ardennes offensive. Throughout his time on Mosquitoes his navigator was Tommy Broom (no relation), together the 'Flying Brooms' were an inseparable combination.

Squadron Leader Tony Iveson DFC, AE  Tony Iveson's first tour of duty was with RAF Fighter Command, joining 616 sqn as a Sergeant pilot at Kenley on 2 September 1940 during the Battle of Britain. Commissioned in 1942, Tony did his second tour with RAF Bomber Command, flying Lancasters with the famous 617 sqn where he was to become one of that squadron's most prominent and well respected pilots. He took part in most of 617 squadron's operations, including all three operations against the German battleship Tirpitz, and other high precision attacks.